Now you will construct a parallel circuit with two 12. The questions we will be trying to answer will includehow. Note, currents are measured indirectly by measuring the voltage across an. This laboratory is about studying resonance in rlc series and parallel circuits. Simulation of rlc series and parallel resonance in basic. Parallel and series circuits lab go to the following address to download the applet. The experiment will also demonstrate the oscillatory behavior of an lc circuit.
Young scientists will model and discuss how an electric circuit works. It also aims to introduce matlab a circuit simulation software tool. To experimentally determine the resonance frequency in a series rlc circuit and compare this to the expected resonance value. The frequencies f 1 and f 2 corresponding to half power points is noted and from it the bandwidth, f 1 f2 is noted.
Resistance and voltage names wednesday, march 3, 2015 physics 1049l abstract. Experiment with electric circuits and conductivity. This visual will help your students remember the difference between an open circuit, close circuit, series circuit, and parallel circuit. For part iii of the experiment, you will use two current probes. Seriesparallel circuits seriesparallel circuits can be more complex as in this case. This can be verified using the simulator by creating the above mentioned parallel lcr circuit and by measuring the current and voltage across the inductor, capacitor and resistor. Parallel lc circuits are frequently used for band pass filtering governed by this resistance. Series and parallel circuit experiment, series, parallel, series circuit, parallel circuit, circuit, electorinc circuit, circuit. To find the resonant frequency of the designed parallel lcr circuit. Calculate and measure rt for the following circuits.
Leveled, nonfiction, and printfriendly science article this article is an introduction to simple circuits and the characteristics of series and parallel circuits. Phet sims are based on extensive education research and engage students through an intuitive, gamelike environment where students learn through exploration and discovery. A companion course to ece 2620 electrical circuits ii. In this free science fair project idea, kids will conduct an easy electrolysis of water experiment to test solutions of salt, baking soda, tap water, and more. In this experiment, the circuit characteristics of resistors. It enables the students to gain sufficient knowledge on the programming and simulation of electrical circuits, outcomes.
In this experiment you will examine the difference between series and parallel circuits. The voltage drop across the battery vt will be the total sum of the individual drops across each of the 3 resistors, and. This experiment will be used to examine the sinusoidal frequency response of the series and parallel to see at what frequency the current through an rlc series becomes or the voltage across a parallel rlc circuit reaches maximum value. Converting the circuit from a series to a parallel circuit. The complete diagram is rotated so that the phasor for v s is horizontal and used as the reference phasor. This also strengthen the knowledege that voltage stays constant in parallel circuit. The current flowing through the resistor, i r, the current flowing through the inductor, i l and the current through the capacitor, i c but the current flowing through each branch and therefore each component will be different to. As a single, lumped element, inductors find many uses. We will test the accepted rules for resistors connected in series and in parallel. In the previous experiment we studied ohms law for a single resistor. For a parallel circuit, the total equivalent resistance, r eq, is. Circuit lab 3 series and parallel circuit experiment. Pdf r, l, c circuits series rc, rl, and rlc circuits.
To analyze this type of circuit, it should first be simplified reduced to an equivalent resistor, req. Electrical tutorial about parallel rlc circuits and analysis of parallel rlc circuits that contain resistor, inductor and capacitor and their impedances. Lcr circuit series and parallel psbrahmacharys blog. Ece 2120 electrical engineering laboratory ii clemson university. Using 12 switches, different connections between a resistor, an inductor and a capacitor, can be made. Learners solve 14 problems related to voltage, current and power in a single source, sixresistor circuit. Look up formulas for the equivalent resistance of resistors in series and parallel, and write them down in your lab notebook. Part iii currents in series and parallel circuits 1. To give students a solid foundation for labs and further learning, we explicitly define the terms. On the other side, the total voltage of the parallel circuit is equal to v1 and v2 through out the circuit. Series and parallel circuits activity, electricity, word.
If the experiment had been repeated with frequencies 10 times higher than. In the above parallel rlc circuit, we can see that the supply voltage, v s is common to all three components whilst the supply current i s consists of three parts. Technologyengineering progression grades 910 the use of electrical circuits and electricity is critical to. These include as buffers on large transmission lines to reduce energy surges, on a smaller scale. The purpose of this lab is to experiment with the variables having to do with the operation of electrical circuits. When dealing with a series circuit the only way to figure it out was to solve the impedance triangle. This activity will allow you to explore a model circuit and decide whether these light circuits are. What are series and parallel circuits series and parallel arrangements in circuits describes two different types of circuit arrangements. Rlc series and parallel circuit at resonance is a part of basic electrical engineering course which is mandatory for all discipline students to aware the idea of resonance in all technical. Physics 215 experiment 11 series and parallel circuits. Your series circuit will look something like the drawing below. This moves from the negative end of the cell to the positive end. A parallel rlc circuit is an example of a bandstop circuit response that can be used as a filter to block frequencies at the resonance frequency but allow others to pass. When we add up resistors in parallel, we have to do it reciprocally.
An ammeter is a lowresistance device that, if connected in parallel, will short out most components. Instructions construct both a series circuit and a parallel circuit using the batteries, wires, and bulbs provided to you. Draw circuit diagrams for the resistor configurations in experiments 6,7,8 and 9 and calculate what you expect to measure for current and voltage at various locations in the circuits. These two laws along with ohms law are the foundation of electric circuit theory and analysis. From there you could get the current and the whole circuit would be unlocked. Chapter 21 2 voltage and current in rlc circuits iac emf source. To study the variation in current and voltage in a parallel lcr circuit. Founded in 2002 by nobel laureate carl wieman, the phet interactive simulations project at the university of colorado boulder creates free interactive math and science simulations. Your students will enjoy seeing a schematic of a complex circuit. The series and parallel components must be identified for accurate analysis of the circuit. The purpose of lab experiment is to continue to build circuit construction skills using different circuit element. As a matter of fact, ohms law applies not only to a single resistor, but also to a part or the whole circuit network, as long as it is non active no power supplies in that part of the circuit and linear no nonlinear device in. The frequency corresponding to maximum current is noted and it is the resonant frequency f 0.
Calculate and measure r t, v 1, v 2, v 3, i 1, i 2, i 3, i t, and i a for the circuit in figure 2. You will be building circuits similar to the ones you will be working with in homework and exam problems. Comparing series and parallel circuits students use a battery holder, a dcell battery, a mini light socket, and a miniature lamp to build series and parallel circuits. The result of this experiment is reliable because the results are constant in all sets during the lab and it is the same as the formula in the book. A series of free gcseigcse physics notes and lessons. Read on to see how cookies rolling down streets are used as an analogy for the different kinds of. Rlc series and parallel circuits lab free class notes. I have included an image of a complex circuit, but many are available online. All of the circuits that we will need for this experiment are already assembled in the circuit box. In a series circuit, the parts of the circuit are in a row, one after the other so current flows through them.
Parallel circuits are set up so that the current has an independent path to take through each piece. Where v is voltage, measured in volts v, i is current, measured in amperes a, and r is electrical resistance, measured in ohms. This is normally referred to as the free air resonance of the driver, or fs. What is the difference between voltage and current. This stops the circuit from draining the battery while you add jumpers. Experiments for first year electrical engg lab 201516. R, l, c circuits series rc, rl, and rlc circuits parallel rc, rl, and rlc circuits. In these lessons, we will describe what is meant by a parallel circuit. Materials list, advance preparation instructions, lab hints and tips, safety tips, rubric, worksheets, and answer key are provided. Draw your own diagram below that illustrates how your parallel circuit will look. Build circuits with batteries, resistors, light bulbs, fuses, and switches.
Circuits laboratory experiment 5 circuits containing inductance 5. Use the dmm set up in ammeter mode to measure milliamps at the four points a, b, c and d. The circuit has two initial conditions that must be satisfied, so the solution for vt must have two constants. The next part of the experiment is to measure the current at various points in the circuit. Use pspice to determine i 1, i 2, i 3, and vo in figure 1 at f 1khz and f 10khz. Circuit box, power supply, two digital multimeters one for current and one for voltage, assorted wires and connectors. Natural response of parallel rlc circuits the problem given initial energy stored in the inductor andor capacitor, find vt for t.
Experiment 10 rlc series circuit resonance in an rlc series circuit objective. Using the above circuit as an example, heres how current would flow as it runs from the batterys positive. The lab includes the standard symbols for each of the parts battery, motor, bulb, and test lead. Calculate i 1, i 2, i 3 and vo for the circuit shown in figure 1 for f 1khz and f 10khz. First they will draw a model of the flow of electrons and then build an actual circuit. In this experiment, we could determine the total current flowing through a series circuit and parallel circuit, the voltage across each resistor and the current flowing through a series circuit and parallel circuit. Parallel rlc circuit and rlc parallel circuit analysis.
The vertical axis of both graphs has current scaled from 0. The voltage through an rlc series circuit will be measured as a function of frequency for a fixed applied voltage. This laboratory manual is intended for use in an ac electrical circuits course. An electric current is a flow of electric charge around a circuit. The effective impedance of the circuit is nothing more than r, and the current drawn from the source is in phase with the voltage. Calculating equivalent resistances in parallel circuits experiment time part 1 experiment time part 2 rules of thumb for series and parallel resistors series and parallel capacitors. Evaluate simple series and parallel circuits to predict changes to voltage, current, or resistance when simple changes are made to a circuit. Current in parallel circuits examples, solutions, videos. Parallel circuit schematic the third type of circuit you will construct is a combination circuitfig.
Ohms law iiiresistors in series and parallel v rrr 2 1 2 3 e v 1 v 3 v t i 1 i i t 2 i 3 figure 1. From the values of f 0, f 1 and f 2, the quality factor, q is calculated. If the following resistors were replaced with the values indicated. Three resistors r1, r2, and r3 connected in series. Opens and shorts in parallel circuits opens in parallel circuits. Power calculations in a seriesparallel circuit effects of a rheostat in a seriesparallel circuit knowledge check 1. Describe the pattern of a current flow in an parallel circuit. The most common place you will encounter electric circuits is across them. Series and parallel circuits 1 lab university of michigan. In this activity, students are asked to draw schematics of their circuits. Pdf simulation of rlc series and parallel resonance in. Note that it will be necessary to break your circuit and remake it in order to insert the ammeter. Doing physics with matlab resonance circuits series rlc circuits matlab download directory matlab scripts crlcs1. In circuit b we have resistors r 1 and r 2 combined to get.